
Let's
be honest, the question "Where did bingo originate from.?"
has been contemplated, at least once by every bingo player the
world over. And there are millions of players around the world.
Bingo players claim to lay title to the "Worlds Most Popular
Game" and there is every reason to believe them.
Bingo is played in every continent and in 90%
of the Worlds Countries although the exact origins of the game
are not exactly definable. Bingo goes by other names like, Housie
Housie, Tombola, but the idea and outcome of the game is the
same, i.e. Cover a row of numbers with counters before any other
player can do so to win a prize.
As
for bingo's origins we do have some leads. It is similar to
the Italian game of Tombola which was played once per year on
Christmas Eve by families playing together, who upon winning
would shout when they had made a row first. The traditional
game players used cards covered using beans [Fagioli] or pieces
of orange peel. Modern tombola cards are made of plastic with
slots which can be closed down when a number is called. It is
believed that current day bingo may have come from an Italian
Lottery Game, Lo Giuoco Del Lotto Ditalia which originated in
1530 and is still played today. In the late 1700's "Le
Lotto" appeared in France. It's form and style is similar
to the "Bingo" game we know today. Using playing cards,
tokens and numbers read aloud.
In 1800 the German Education System adapted
Lotto to for lottery games to teach children muliplication tables.
From there we take a time jump to the next "Bingo"
development located in the United States where in 1929 a game
called "Beano" was played at a carnival near Atlanta,
Georgia. A toy salesmen watched the excitement generate and
was so taken by it, he took the game to New York to introduce
it to his friends. The toy salesman's name was Edwin Lowe. Legend
has it that one of Mr. Lowe's players yelled "Bingo"
in her excitement instead of "Beano" when she made
her first row.
The game was so popular that Edwin Lowe's bingo
started with Lowe asking competitors to pay him $1 per year
to allow them to call their games bingo as well. Later Lowe
commissioned Carl Leffer an elderly math's professor at Columbia
University to develop his bingo system. By late 1930 Leffer
had developed 6000 bingo cards with non-repeating number groups.
He had successfully completed the commissioned work and then
went insane.
Edwin
Lowe promoted Bingo, printing cards day and night. He commented
one day that "We use more newsprint than the New York Times.",
which had a reported 5 million readers at the time. The game
further spread in the U.S. when Lowe began to work with a Catholic
priest from Pennsylvania to establish the game. After a few
years, bingo had spread up and down the East coast of America
and was heading West. By 1934 it is estimated that 10,000 bingo
games were played every week and that was at the height of the
Depression. By 1995 the American public would spend $88 million
each week on bingo.
Just how Australia came to embrace bingo is
uncertain but given that bingo was played in the United States
and England it would not be hard to imagine that the game was
transported to Australian shores by traveler's from those countries.
Australian bingo was called Housie Housie in the 1950's and
it is known that the Queensland Ambulance Brigade would erect
a large tent just over the Queensland border, where Twin Towns
is today, and play using corn pieces to place on the cards as
the numbers were called.
Over
the years there have been many ways to mark numbers from bottle
tops to coloured markers and dabbos. There have been just as
many ways to draw numbers from 1 - 90. There have been numbered
sequences of wood pulled out of a small bucket - ping pong balls
pulled up through an air blower - wooden balls spun around in
a tumbler and falling into a metal rack.
In
those days people sat at tables in a circular formation approx
20 foot in diameter. In the centre of the circle were the numbered
boxes. You paid some pence, perhaps sixpence for a card of numbers
similar to what is sold today with a handful of corn. Each person
would throw a white ball about the size of a tennis ball, where
it would land in one of the numbered boxes. Everyone would put
their piece of corn on their number until a line or house was
filled. The ball was then retrieved, passed on to the next person
to throw. One person, one throw etc.
Each game took quite a while of course, so some
people understandably got a bit hungry and ate their corn. Luckily
more was always available.
These
days Bingo or Housie continues to be popular. Electronic equipment,
computers, improved facilities have all combined to keep attracting
crowds, and lets face it, the crowds are just getting bigger.